At present, you can hardly find a person who has never been under stress. There are many stressful situations these days, such as: problems at work, preparation for exams, traffic jams, relationships with other people and so on. And it is not often easy to reduce stress level.
Then what should we do to deal with stress? First of all, we should ease the tension with the help of deep breathing. It is also important not to stick in your problems and worries and to talk about them less with other people, as this will lead to a higher level of stress.
If you work hard for hours, the best way to avoid stress is to take a break.You can assure yourself that you will be absolutely free as soon as you finish and can put your break off. However, it won’t do you any good. Your exhausted body will probably become sick afterwards.
So now, when you are on a break, you may do something to relax and to take your mind off things. You may have a healthy snack, dance or do some other physical exercises, turn your favourite music on or even call a friend.
Even a 10-minute break will help you. You will see how much better you feel afterwards. A small break may give you some more energy to continue your work. Moreover, when you abstract from your work for several minutes and then get back to it again, you manage to re-examine it and make some improvements. As a result, you will have a better quality of work.
Перевод:
В настоящее время, вы едва ли сможете найти человека, который никогда бы не подвергался стрессу. На сегодняшний день существует множество стрессовых ситуаций, таких как: проблемы на работе, подготовка к экзаменам, пробки на дорогах, взаимоотношения с другими людьми и т.д. И часто нелегко снизить уровень стресса.
В таком случае, что же нам следует делать, чтобы справиться со стрессом? Прежде всего, следует снять напряжение с помощью глубокого дыхания. Также важно не «застревать» в своих проблемах и переживаниях, а также меньше говорить о них с другими людьми, так как это приводит к более высокому уровню стресса.
Если вы усердно работаете в течение нескольких часов, лучший способ избежать стресса – сделать перерыв. Вы можете убеждать себя, что будете абсолютно свободны, как только закончите и можете пока отложить отдых. Однако это не пойдет вам на пользу. Ваш изможденный организм, вероятно, заболеет после.
Поэтому теперь, когда вы на перерыве, вы можете заняться чем-то, что расслабит вас и отвлечет от дел. Вы можете перекусить чем-то полезным, потанцевать или сделать другие физические упражнения, включить любимую музыку или даже позвонить другу/подруге.
Даже десятиминутный перерыв вам поможет. Вы увидите, насколько хорошо почувствуете себя после него. Маленький перерыв может подарить вам немного дополнительной энергии для продолжения работы. Более того, когда вы отвлечетесь от работы на несколько минут, а затем вернетесь к ней снова, то вам удастся взглянуть на нее по-новому и улучшить ее. В результате, вы добьетесь лучшего качества работы.
Фразы и слова:
To be under stress – быть в состоянии стресса
Reduce stress level – снизить уровень стресса
To put off – отложить (на потом)
Take a break – сделать перерыв
To do good – идти на пользу
To take one’s mind off things – отвлечься от дел
To abstract from – отвлечься от чего-то
To re-examine – взглянуть по-новому
To make improvements – улучшить
достаточно увидеть солнце, то другим и половины мира недостаточно. Можно перечислить множество вещей, которые сделают меня счастливее в данный момент, но когда начинаешь об этом задумываться глубже, то понимаешь, что все познается в сравнении, и тому есть масса примеров. Моя бабушка любила повторять, что если не познаешь горя, то и счастье не оценишь. Она была права.
Я учусь в 11 классе 29 школы. В школе мне больше всего нравится проводить время со своими друзьями и ходить на математику и русский язык.
Дополните, пожалуйста, сочинение и переведите этот отрывок, который я написала на английский язык. Спасибо большое тем, кто хоть как-то поможет!!! :))))
друзьями и смотрел национальные казахские юрты. помогите плииз
II. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Activeили Passive Voice . 1. Меня часто приглашают в кино. 2. Моей сестре часто помогают в школе. 3. Учитель поставил мне хорошую оценку. 4. Дома меня похвалили. 5. Маму попросят не беспокоиться. 6. Маме дадут чашечку кофе. 7. Когда разбили чашку?
III. Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая правило согласования времен. Она сказала, что больше не будет купаться, потому что вода холодная. Моя двоюродная сестра сказала, что любит оперу и будет рада пойти с нами в театр, хотя уже дважды слушала „Травиату". Все были уверены, что Борис хорошо сдаст экзамены. Он говорил, что Лев Толстой - его любимый писатель. Я знал. что вы живете в Москве, но не знал вашего адреса.
Перевидите на английский язык, употребляя неопределённые(или отрицательные) местоимения и их производные.1)Есть кто-нибудь здесь? 2)В саду никого нет. 3)В нашей комнате есть кто-нибудь? 4)В классе есть кто-то. 5) В саду есть кто-нибудь?- Там никого нет. 6) На столе есть что-нибудь?-Нет, там ничего нет. 7) В сумке что-то есть. 8) В этой книге есть что-нибудь интересное? 9)На стене есть какие-нибудь картины?- Да, там несколько.. 10)В комнате есть кто-нибудь?-Нет там никого нет. 11)В нашей библиотеке есть какие-нибудь книги на английском языке? 13)Мой друг не хочет мне ничего сказать. 14)Возьмите что-нибудь почитать для меня в библиотеке. 15)Если вы голодны, поищите что-нибудь в холодильнике. 16)Расскажите нам всё о вашем путешествии. 17)Никто нигде не помог ему.
Stress and How to Cope Well With It
Nowadays many people say that they are tired of their hectic lifestyle. They work too much and stop taking breaks. They forget about everything striving for their goals and they constantly raise the bar. Very often they don"t find personal satisfaction in their work and don"t love what they do. They have no sense of personal accomplishment and self-satisfaction. Some people don"t feel content even when they achieve their goal. One the contrary, they feel disillusioned and dissatisfied. Having climbed the ladder of success they find nothing worthwhile on the top. Constant fatigue, physical and moral exhaustion, monotony and impossible pressure at work and at home can cause stress.
Stress is the emotional and physical strain caused by people"s response to pressure from the outside world. Stress causes tension, irritability, anxiety, alarm, loss of concentration, sensations of fear and panic as well as headaches and a fast heartbeat. It can result in a real breakdown of health. Stress can even cause heart disease and cancer.
There are a lot of stressful events in our lives, such as divorce, losing a job or having difficulties at home or at work. But changes for the better can also cause stress, like a new baby, a wedding, and a new house. Pupils and students often face stress from problems at school, poor relationships with peers, strict and demanding teachers, exams and many other problems.
Feeling stressed many people try to find some distraction and to escape their problems. They begin overeating, smoking, drinking, and even taking drugs. But junk food, cigarettes, sleeping pills and alcohol don"t help. On the contrary, they make things much worse and more difficult to patch up.
Stress can have a negative influence not only on our physical and mental health, but on the lives of those around us. It often makes us lose control and shout at our spouses, relatives, friends or colleagues. Taking stress out on our nearest and dearest is the easiest way to hurt their feelings and to make them feel depressed too.
People react to stress in different ways. Some of us are more vulnerable to stress than others. People who are always angry, impatient and mistrustful may have more stress-related physical problems.
It is very important to try to avoid stress or at least to minimize it. That"s why it is essential to notice early signs of stress and to remove some of its causes. If you catch the trouble early, the problem may be easy to fix.
One of the best ways to cope with stress is to keep a sense of humor in difficult situations. Wise people say that laughter is the best medicine for all diseases. It increases blood flow and it may reduce the risk of heart disease. Besides, laughter makes the body release pleasure chemicals.
Regular leisure activities and relaxing hobbies are also very important in reducing stress. If you feel depressed, yoga, swimming, bicycling, painting or gardening can help you relax, calm down and get a new lease on life. Anti-anxiety medications and anti-depressants can be useful for dealing with short periods of acute stress. But the side effects of such medications can be rather dangerous, that"s why they must never be taken as often as vitamins. Besides, anti-anxiety medications and anti-depressants cause addiction and may lead to suicides.
Forget about your
problems. Take a day off work, domestic chores and family. Work
regular hours and don"t forget to take breaks and holidays.
Don"t expect too much of yourself and don"t try to aim higher
than your capacity. Have a balance in life. Walk away from
stressful situations and be positive and enthusiastic. In other
words "don"t worry, be happy."
1. Complete each sentence (A-H) with one of the endings
(1-8):
A. Stress is the emotional and physical strain caused by
B. Stress causes
C. Feeling stressed many people try to Find
D. Stress often makes us
E. People who are always angry, impatient and mistrustful
F. One of the best ways to cope with stress is
G. Regular leisure activities and relaxing hobbies
H. Anti-anxiety medications and anti-depressants can be useful
for
1. some distraction and to escape their problems.
2. to keep a sense of humor in difficult situations.
3. tension, irritability, anxiety, alarm, loss of concentration,
sensations of fear and panic as well as headaches and a fast
heartbeat.
4. are also very important in reducing stress.
5. people"s response to pressure from the outside world.
6. lose control and shout at our spouses, relatives, friends or
colleagues.
7. dealing with short periods of acute stress.
8. may have more stress-related physical problems.
2. Agree or disagree. Explain your point of view
- Stress can result in a real breakdown of health.
- Stress is everywhere.
- Stress is a synonym for "weakness" and "helplessness".
- Changes for the better can never cause stress.
- Overeating, smoking, drinking, or taking drugs don"t help to
cope with stress.
- Laughter is the best medicine for all diseases.
- It is impossible to avoid stress.
- The best way to minimize stress is to know your limits and to
be in harmony with yourself.
3. Choose a situation which is the most stressful to your mind.
Say what you would do in this situation to cope with stress.
Describe the situation from your own life experience when you
felt stressed
You are being asked to speak in public. But you don"t know
much about the subject discussed by the participants. Everybody
is looking at you. You are terrified and don"t know what to say.
You feel your hands shaking and your cheeks blushing.
You are the first-year student of the University. You are
taking your first exam. You are absolutely calm and
self-confident as you know the subject very well. You are taking
a question card and feel a cramp in the stomach. You don"t
remember the answer to the question.
You are a secretary for a large firm. You like your job as it
is well-paid and interesting. The only problem is your boss. He
gives you much work and charges you with a great number of
errands both important and unimportant. This time he has ordered
you to type a pile of urgent documents, though your working day
is over and you have a date in the evening. But your boss
insists that you should do this work right now.
Your best friend has fallen ill and he has asked you to go to
the chemist"s to buy some medicine. You"ve gladly agreed to help
him. Standing in the queue you suddenly realize that you"ve lost
your friend"s purse with a considerable sum of money in it. You
are shocked and don"t know what to do.
You"ve seen your brother"s girlfriend kissing some other guy.
You don"t know whether you should tell your brother about it.
You are afraid that he won"t believe you if you tell the truth.
But on the other hand he will never forgive you if he learns
that you have concealed this unpleasant fact.
You"ve been asked to baby-sit your 5-year-old nephew. Your
sister has promised that he will be sleeping the whole evening
so you will have no trouble with him. And now when she has left
you are locked in her house with a shrieking child who is having
a fit of hysterics and you don"t know what to do to calm him
down.
4. Answer the questions
1) Why do many people feel stressed at work?
2) What kind of situation can be called stressful?
3) How do many people cope with stress? What mistakes do they
usually make?
4) Why is stress dangerous not only to our health but to the
health of those around us?
5) Why do people react to stress in different ways?
6) How can we avoid or minimize stress?
7) Why are anti-anxiety medications and anti-depressants
dangerous to our health?
8) Do you know any effective ways to cope with stress? Say a few
words about them.
5. Much can be said about the negative consequences of stress.
But some people are sure that stress can be very useful. Read
their opinions and say if you agree with them or not. Fill in
the table below and give your own reasons for and against stress
1. "Stress is inevitable. It goes hand in hand with the work
we do. People don"t hire us to do easy things, they hire us to
do difficult things and to think that you can remove stress from
that is a fool"s errand. Isn"t this pressure why people work in
the first place? I work with people who are up for the
challenge, focused on being successful and pressure helps them
reach their goals." (Stevan Rolls, head of human resources at
Deloitte)
2. "I don"t think you should shy away from stress. It forces you
to perform to live up to your full potential. I like to think
that even when I am on the verge of retirement I"ll still be
pushing myself. It"s what gets me out of bed in the morning."
(Charlie Bagot Jewitt, a former Royal Naval commander)
3. To live without stress would be to live in a vegetative
state. It"s just not viable. Even the act of getting up in the
morning requires effort. For many workers it is the fact that
they feel "driven" that makes the job worthwhile and that once
that feeling is gone, it is time for them to move on. It is this
environment that allows them to produce their best work." (Glynis
Kelly, senior lecturer in psychology and sociology at Cornwall
College)
4. "Spikes of stress help us to develop and survive. So view
being stressed as being resilient. Resilient people see pressure
as a challenge, trust that they have control and don"t see
themselves as powerless. Those kinds of attitudes are at the
root of any career success." (Dr Wolfgang Seidl, executive
director of the Validium Group, which provides employee
assistance programmes)
(from the article "I love stress" by Cath Janes, The Guardian)
Stress
For
Against
6. Read the quotations below. Choose any statement and
comment on it
"Stress is basically a disconnection from the earth, a
forgetting of the breath. Stress is an ignorant state. It
believes that everything is an emergency. Nothing is that
important. Just lie down." (Natalie Goldberg)
"Stress is nothing more than a socially acceptable form of
mental illness." (Richard Carlson)
Stress is a designer ailment that many of the so-called
afflicted suffer from with pride." (Janet Street-Porter)
"Every stress leaves an indelible scar, and the organism pays
for its survival after a stressful situation by becoming a
little older." (Hans Selye)
"Much of the stress that people feel doesn"t come from having
too much to do. It comes from not finishing what they"ve
started." (David Allen)
I believe that stress is a factor in any bad health." (Christopher Shays)
A. There are hundreds of definitions of stress but even the highest medical authorities don"t know what it really means. Give your own definition of stress.
B. Read the text "Stress and How to Cope Well With It" and think
if stress can be called the disease of modern society.
Find an article about stress and prepare a short speech on the problems raised in it. Speak about the author"s attitude to these problems.
Из учебного пособия "Открывая мир с английским языком. Современные темы для обсуждения. Готовимся к ЕГЭ" Юнёва С.А. 2012г.
Every day you read in newspapers, books and magazines that it is important to avoid stress. Stress can kill, they say. Stay calm. Be relaxed. Slow down. Don’t worry so much and don’t work so hard. Unfortunately, this is difficult. There are always money problems and family problems. Our cities are full of traffic and noise. Stressful situations seem to be everywhere.
When people are under stress they react in different ways. Some people find it difficult to stay calm and often become tense. Little things, like a baby crying, can make them irritated. They get very annoyed if they have to wait just a few minutes too long in a shop or a restaurant. These people are usually very moody. One minute they are fine and the next they can be really angry – absolutely furious. Other people seem to stay calm almost all the time, and rarely get angry. For example, if they are caught in bad traffic, they don’t get frustrated. They sit calmly in their cars, telling themselves that there is nothing they can do about the situation. These people are not moody at all. They don’t change from moment to moment, but always seem to be in control of their emotions.
Some doctors give names to these two personality types: Type A and Type B people. Type A work very hard, worry a lot, and are often bad-tempered. Type Bs are the opposite. They don’t worry. Work’s not so important to them and they don’t get angry easily. They like to relax a lot and have fun. The doctors say it is better for your health and heart if you are a Type B person.
Перевод
Каждый день Вы читаете в газетах, книгах и журналах, что важно избежать стресса. Говорят, стресс может убить. Успокойтесь. Расслабьтесь. Притормозите. Не волнуйтесь так много, и не работайте столь усердно. К сожалению, это трудно. Есть всегда денежные проблемы и проблемы в семье. Наши города полны дорожного движения и шума. Стрессовые ситуации, кажется, всюду.
Когда люди находятся в состоянии стресса, они реагируют различными способами. Некоторые находят трудным оставаться спокойными и часто бывают напряженным. Мелочи, подобно крику ребенка, могут сделать их раздраженными. Они очень раздражаются, если должны подождать всего на несколько минут дольше в магазине или ресторане. Эти люди обычно очень капризны. В одну минуту они веселы, а в следующую могут быть действительно рассерженными — абсолютно разъяренными. Другие люди, кажется, остаются спокойный почти все время, и редко злятся. Например, если они попадают в пробку, они не расстраиваются. Они сидят спокойно в своих автомобилях, говоря себе, что они ничего не могут сделать в данной ситуации. Эти люди не капризны вообще. Они не меняются через секунду, и всегда кажется, что они контролируют свои эмоции.
Некоторые доктора дали названия этим двум типам личности: тип А и тип B. Люди типа А усердно работают, много волнуются и часто злятся. Люди типа В — противоположны. Они не волнуются. Работа не столь важна для них и их нелегко рассердить. Они любят расслабляться и веселиться забаву. Доктора говорят, что для вашего здоровья и сердца лучше, если Вы — человек Типа B.
infoenglish.info
Представлено сочинение на английском языке Стресс/ Stress с переводом на русский язык.
Almost everyone is society has a job to do. Having work is important as it gives certain social status, pays salary and maintains self-esteem. Job can be rather rewarding. However, many people nowadays are leading hectic lifestyles. They work too much and have little breaks.
This inevitably leads to stress. We often hear the word “stress” in everyday life, although it is not clear what it really is. “Stress” means pressure and tension. It is a common problem in modern life. Unfortunately, too much stress results into physical, emotional and mental health problems.
The reasons for stress are numerous. It’s not only overworking or having no time for rest. Stress factors also include dangerous situations, difficulties at home, divorce, loss of close friends, etc. Changes for the better can also cause stress. For example, getting married, having a baby, moving houses, entering a university. Of course, everything depends on the way a person reacts. Experts advise not to worry too much and stay calm in any situation. It is very important to try to avoid stress or at least to minimize it. When noticed on early stages, it can be fixed easier.
One of the best ways to fight stress is to keep a sense of humor in difficult situations. Even doctors agree that laughter is the best medicine for all diseases. Other ways to cope with stress include regular leisure activities and interesting hobbies. If someone feels depressed, a good solution is taking up yoga classes or swimming, bicycling, knitting, gardening, painting, etc. Anything, that can help a person to relax and get a new lease on life, is considered to be helpful.
Почти все в обществе имеют работу. Иметь работу очень важно, поскольку это дает определенный социальный статус, выплачивает заработную плату и поддерживает чувство собственного достоинства. Работа может быть весьма полезной. Тем не менее, многие люди в настоящее время ведут беспокойный образ жизни. Они работают слишком много и мало отдыхают.
Это неизбежно приводит к стрессу. Мы часто слышим слово «стресс» в повседневной жизни, хотя и не ясно, что это действительно такое. «Стресс» означает давление и напряжение. Он является часто встречающейся проблемой в современной жизни. К сожалению, слишком много стресса в результате приводит к физическим, эмоциональным и психическим проблемам со здоровьем.
Причин для стресса множество. Это не только изнурение на работе и отсутствие времени для отдыха. К факторам стресса также относятся опасные ситуации, трудности дома, развод, потеря близких друзей и т.д. Изменения в лучшую сторону также могут приводить к стрессу. Например, свадьба, рождение ребенок, переезд, поступление в ВУЗ. Конечно, все зависит от того, как человек реагирует. Специалисты советуют не волноваться слишком много, и сохранять спокойствие в любой ситуации. Очень важно пытаться избежать стресса или, по крайней мере, свести его к минимуму. Если диагностировать его на ранних стадиях, то можно легче справиться с этим.
Одним из лучших способов борьбы со стрессом является сохранение чувства юмора в сложных ситуациях. Даже врачи соглашаются, что смех является лучшим лекарством от всех болезней. К другим способам справиться со стрессом относятся регулярный досуг и интересные увлечения. Если кто-то чувствует себя подавленным, хорошим решением будет начать занятия йогой или плаванием, езду на велосипеде, вязание, садоводство, живопись и т.д. Все, что может помочь человеку расслабиться и начать новую жизнь, считается полезным.
homeward bound — возвращающийся домой, направляющийся на родину
eustress — положительный стресс, эвстресс
distress — физическая боль, недомогание, горе, несчастье, душевное страдание
stressor — стресс-фактор, стрессор, фактор стресса
nomadic — кочевой, кочующий
wear and tear of life — жизненные передряги
finite — ограниченный, имеющий предел
liken уподоблять (to); сравнивать; приравнивать (to, with)
draw on — черпать, заимствовать, использовать
eventually — в конечном счете, в итоге, в конце концов; со временем
vicious circle — порочный круг
It is different things to different people. To a mountaineer it is the challenge of pushing physical resources to the limit by striving to achieve a demanding goal. To the homeward bound motorist it can be heavy traffic and exhaust fumes. To the student it can be exam pressure.
Take a piece of paper and write the word stress at the top. Now write down all the words and images that come to your mind as you think about this word.
Most people respond to the word stress in negative ways. They see it as a destructive force. However, not all stress is negative. The word eustress has been coined to describe positive stress. Eustress is the type of stress you are likely to experience when you inherit a large amount of money or receive an unexpected promotion or reward. Eustress is the stress of winning and achieving.
Negative stress is distress. It is the stress of losing, failing, overworking and not coping. Distress affects people in a negative often harmful manner. We all experience distress from time to time. It is a normal, unavoidable part of living.
Stress results from failure to adequately cope with stressors. Stressors could be loud noise, uncomfortable air-conditioning, debts, ringing telephones, broken relationships, unrealistic deadlines, discouragement, fear, pain and thousands of other things that impact upon us in the normal course of life.
It is impossible to avoid stressors. The only totally stress-free state is death! Stressors will always be there because we live in an imperfect and unpredictable world which is going to cause us to frequently get stressed. We experience stress as the body adjusts to the external demands placed upon it. Our body constantly seeks to maintain stability and stress is usually sensed as the body readjusts to too much pressure.
We need to assist our bodies to cope with being stressed because our natural biological stress-adjustors are not ideally suited to the demands of modern living. Our bodies are well suited to cope with the distressing events faced by our primitive ancestors. The stressors faced by humans conditioned to a nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle are obviously different to the distressing lifestyle of today.
Our distant ancestors needed chemical responses that are inappropriate today. If you physically ran away from your workplace whenever things got on top of you then this would not enhance your standing in the Organisation. Conversely if you punch the boss on the nose when he/she gives you a tough time then the resulting dismissal and assault charges will generate considerably greater levels of distress. Consequently we need to develop special skills to deal with special stressors.
One of the pioneers of stress research, Dr. Hans Selye wrote that «. stress is essentially reflected by the rate of all the wear and tear caused by life.»
His research convinced him that the body has only a finite reserve of adaptation energy to apply to the stressors of life. Selye likened this reserve to a bank account upon which we can make withdrawals from time to time but into which we cannot make deposits. It is a non-renewable reserve of energy which we draw on throughout life until eventually it is consumed and death results.
Over a long period of time the stress response begins to take a toll on the body.
A weakened immune system makes us vulnerable to infection and this is why people under stress often experience regular attacks of colds and flu.
We can do ourselves a great deal of harm by stressful thinking. We can flood our body with stress hormones and this can create a vicious circle making us more and more stressful.
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Nowadays people are very busy at school, at university, at work and so on. Sometimes they have no time to relax or to spend free time with their family or friends because, actually, they have no free time. Besides, people do many stressful activities, for example, they drive a car, work with something important and dangerous and so on. Also, there are many conflicts between colleagues, family members and friends. Such factors lead to stress. Stress is a big problem nowadays. People can be under pressure for a long time.
В наши дни люди очень заняты в школе, в университете, на работе и так далее. Иногда у них нет времени на отдых или проводить свободное время со своей семьей или друзьями, потому что, на самом деле, у них совсем нет этого свободного времени. Кроме того, люди могут оказываться в различных стрессовых ситуациях, например, они управляют автомобилем, работают с чем-то важным и опасным и так далее. Кроме того, существует много конфликтов между коллегами, членами семьи и друзьями. Такие факторы приводят к стрессу. Стресс является большой проблемой в наши дни. Люди могут находиться в стрессовой ситуации в течение долгого времени.
We often hear that the drivers are very nervous people. While driving a car they are under pressure. They have to be focused and very careful. There are many dangerous situations on the road. Drivers do their best to avoid them. Such conditions lead to stress. Another stressful activity is a work. People say that office workers are always under pressure. They spend much time at the office. Often they have to do some work in a very short time. Besides, there are usually many workers in a room, so office workers cannot relax. Different conflicts only add pressure.
Мы часто слышим, что водители очень нервные люди. Во время управления автомобилем они находятся в стрессовой ситуации. Они должны быть сосредоточены и очень осторожны. На дороге возникает много опасных ситуаций. Водители делают все возможное, чтобы избежать их. Такие условия приводят к стрессу. Другая напряженная деятельность – это работа. Говорят, что офисные работники всегда находятся под давлением. Они проводят много времени в офисе. Зачастую им приходится делать некоторую работу за очень короткое время. Кроме того, в кабинете обычно много работников, поэтому офисные работники не могут расслабиться. Различные конфликты только усиливают давление.
What can people do to keep cool under pressure? I think preventive actions are very important. People should relax for a while and take a break. Besides they should be ready for some stressful situations. Of course, sometimes it is impossible to collect yourself, so, maybe, it is important to be near someone who can put you at your ease.
Что люди могут сделать, чтобы сохранить спокойствие в стрессовой ситуации? Я считаю, что предупреждающие меры очень важны. Люди должны расслабляться иногда и делать перерыв. Кроме того, они должны быть готовы к некоторым стрессовым ситуациям. Конечно, иногда невозможно взять себя в руки, поэтому, может быть, важно быть рядом с кем-то, кто может вас успокоить.
Напишите рассказ на английском языке на тему «Как я справляюсь со стрессом»
Gipokrat 17.11.2012
Many people nowadays live with high levels of stress which puts pressure on both the physical and mental health. Everyone has their own reasons for stressing out but it’s always important to manage stress before it puts your well-being at risk. I cope with stress by doing daily exercises. Whenever I have free time -at least half an hour a day- I always try to forget about all the important and stressful things and give myself some «me» time. If I don’t have a lot of time I do yoga and stretching exercises or go for a run. But if I can spare two to three hours I always go to the gym and do a lot of weightlifting. Exercises is the best thing to relax. I may become physically exhausted afterwards but at least I will be mentally refreshed. But exercises on their own aren’t enough to stay mentally fit. I also make sure that I eat healthy and sleep enough because fit body equals fit brain. Daily exercises and healthy lifestyle boost my energy levels and increase metabolism which definitely helps me to stay in control of my life.
I also try to make time for fun and relaxation. On the weekends I tend to spend time with friends. We go hiking, visit museums, go to comedy shows or to the theatre and cinemas. If we can’t afford any activities we just meet up and have a small picnic in the park or play games at home. Whatever the stress may be, I tend to forget about it for a bit and let my body relax because fresh brain always works better.
Vocabulary:
homeward bound - возвращающийся домой, направляющийся на родину
eustress - положительный стресс, эвстресс
distress - физическая боль, недомогание, горе, несчастье, душевное страдание
stressor - стресс-фактор, стрессор, фактор стресса
nomadic - кочевой, кочующий
wear and tear of life - жизненные передряги
finite - ограниченный, имеющий предел
liken уподоблять (to); сравнивать; приравнивать (to, with)
draw on - черпать, заимствовать, использовать
eventually - в конечном счете, в итоге, в конце концов; со временем
vicious circle - порочный круг
It is different things to different people. To a mountaineer it is the challenge of pushing physical resources to the limit by striving to achieve a demanding goal. To the homeward bound motorist it can be heavy traffic and exhaust fumes. To the student it can be exam pressure.
Take a piece of paper and write the word stress at the top. Now write down all the words and images that come to your mind as you think about this word.
Most people respond to the word stress in negative ways. They see it as a destructive force. However, not all stress is negative. The word eustress has been coined to describe positive stress. Eustress is the type of stress you are likely to experience when you inherit a large amount of money or receive an unexpected promotion or reward. Eustress is the stress of winning and achieving.
Negative stress is distress. It is the stress of losing, failing, overworking and not coping. Distress affects people in a negative often harmful manner. We all experience distress from time to time. It is a normal, unavoidable part of living.
Stress results from failure to adequately cope with stressors. Stressors could be loud noise, uncomfortable air-conditioning, debts, ringing telephones, broken relationships, unrealistic deadlines, discouragement, fear, pain and thousands of other things that impact upon us in the normal course of life.
It is impossible to avoid stressors. The only totally stress-free state is death! Stressors will always be there because we live in an imperfect and unpredictable world which is going to cause us to frequently get stressed. We experience stress as the body adjusts to the external demands placed upon it. Our body constantly seeks to maintain stability and stress is usually sensed as the body readjusts to too much pressure.
We need to assist our bodies to cope with being stressed because our natural biological stress-adjustors are not ideally suited to the demands of modern living. Our bodies are well suited to cope with the distressing events faced by our primitive ancestors. The stressors faced by humans conditioned to a nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle are obviously different to the distressing lifestyle of today.
Our distant ancestors needed chemical responses that are inappropriate today. If you physically ran away from your workplace whenever things got on top of you then this would not enhance your standing in the Organisation. Conversely if you punch the boss on the nose when he/she gives you a tough time then the resulting dismissal and assault charges will generate considerably greater levels of distress. Consequently we need to develop special skills to deal with special stressors.
One of the pioneers of stress research, Dr. Hans Selye wrote that "...stress is essentially reflected by the rate of all the wear and tear caused by life."
His research convinced him that the body has only a finite reserve of adaptation energy to apply to the stressors of life. Selye likened this reserve to a bank account upon which we can make withdrawals from time to time but into which we cannot make deposits. It is a non-renewable reserve of energy which we draw on throughout life until eventually it is consumed and death results.
Over a long period of time the stress response begins to take a toll on the body.
A weakened immune system makes us vulnerable to infection and this is why people under stress often experience regular attacks of colds and flu.
We can do ourselves a great deal of harm by stressful thinking. We can flood our body with stress hormones and this can create a vicious circle making us more and more stressful.
